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      Articles

      Welcome to our research center! We've put together a library of information on important financial topics that we believe you'll find helpful.

      Simply click on one of the general financial topics below and you'll find a selection of easy-to-understand information sheets about related financial concepts and strategies. This information is updated regularly to reflect the latest facts, figures, legislation, and economic trends.

      Personal Finance

      Term life insurance differs from permanent forms of life insurance in that it offers temporary protection.

      Investment Planning

      The labels growth and value reflect different approaches that can be used when making investment decisions.

      Retirement Planning

      A Roth 401(k) is funded with after-tax money, and allows for tax- and penalty-free withdrawal of earnings if requirements are met.

      Retirement Planning

      The Social Security Administration’s retirement estimator gives estimates of your future benefits based on your actual Social Security earnings record.

      Investment Planning

      An important element to successful investing is to manage investment risk while maintaining the potential for growth.

      Retirement Planning

      Annuities, an insurance-based financial vehicle, can provide many benefits that retirement investors might want.

      Tax Planning

      Everything you own, whatever the form of ownership, is subject to federal, and possibly state, estate taxes.

      Transferring Wealth

      To retain the tax advantages associated with charitable giving, your gift must be made to a qualified organization.

      Retirement Planning

      A SEP IRA is a type of plan under which the employer contributes (up to a certain limit) to an employee’s IRA.

      Personal Finance

      There are numerous investment alternatives available to help provide liquidity.

      Tax Planning

      Many traditional tax-advantaged investment strategies have gone away, but there are still some alternatives.

      Transferring Wealth

      Compare the advantages and disadvantages of different gifting strategies available for planned giving.

      Investment Planning

      ETFs have unique attributes and attempt to track all types of indexes, industries, or commodities.

      Tax Planning

      Tax-deferred retirement account withdrawals before age 59½ generally trigger a 10% federal tax penalty.

      Investment Planning

      There are several funding methods for a child's college education including mutual funds and Section 529 plans.

      Personal Finance

      The odds of needing long-term care increase as you age. Prior planning can help protect you from financial ruin.

      Tax Planning

      IRAs and employer-sponsored retirement plans are subject to annual contribution limits set by the federal government.

      Investment Planning

      529 plans are tax-advantaged savings plans that generally allow people of any income level to contribute.

      Tax Planning

      Required minimum distribution is the annual amount that must be withdrawn from a qualified retirement plan/account.

      Retirement Planning

      There are a variety of retirement planning options that could help meet your needs. Here are some of the most popular.

      Tax Planning

      The federal gift tax applies to gifts of property or money while the donor is living.

      Personal Finance

      Money market funds can be a highly liquid and effective cash management tool.

      Personal Finance

      Selecting health insurance is often one of the most important decisions you will make. Do you know the different types?

      Retirement Planning

      Tax-deferred retirement plans for self-employed individuals have higher contribution limits than IRAs.

      Investment Planning

      Zero-coupon bonds represent a type of bond that does not pay interest during the life of the bond.

      Investment Planning

      Bonds are issued by many entities and share many characteristics, each type of bond has certain benefits and risks.

      Tax Planning

      Capital gains are profits realized from the sale of assets; a tax is triggered only when an asset is sold, not held.

      Tax Planning

      Consider a trustee-to-trustee transfer to an IRA versus a lump-sum distribution from a workplace retirement plan.

      Investment Planning

      An annuity is a flexible financial vehicle that can help protect against the risk of living a long time because it provides an option for a lifetime income.

      Investment Planning

      Stock market indexes can be useful benchmarks for gauging the performance of an investment portfolio over time.

      Investment Planning

      Starting to invest early for college and remaining consistent can help investors reach their goals.

      Tax Planning

      There can be a substantial benefit to deferring taxes as long as possible.

      Personal Finance

      Biweekly mortgage payments can have a dramatic effect on the amount of interest homeowners have to pay.

      Personal Finance

      There are three basic types of medical insurance plans: fee-for-service, managed care, and high-deductible health plan.

      Investment Planning

      A mutual fund is a collection of stocks, bonds, and other securities with certain benefits and risks.

      Retirement Planning

      Many realize it’s important to save for retirement, but knowing exactly how much to save is another issue altogether.

      Personal Finance

      Even if your state doesn’t require certain types of auto insurance, it may be wise to purchase multiple types to ensure you are covered for a variety of situations.

      Retirement Planning

      401(k) employer-sponsored retirement plans have many benefits, including that the funds accumulate tax-deferred.

      Investment Planning

      Before investing in stocks, it is important to understand some of the basics and the risks involved in owning stocks.

      Tax Planning

      United States tax law is a constantly changing landscape. The latest major piece of tax legislation is the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.

      Tax Planning

      It's important to understand tax-exempt vehicles when establishing a comprehensive tax planning strategy.

      Investment Planning

      Mutual fund taxes can be cumbersome, but there are ways to help mitigate the amount of taxes you may owe.

      Investment Planning

      Bond ratings gauge a bond issuer’s financial ability to repay its promised principal and interest payments.

      Personal Finance

      Here are some smart ways to refinance your home.

      Transferring Wealth

      One estate planning strategy that families with closely held businesses could consider is the family limited partnership.

      Transferring Wealth

      If you believe your estate will be subject to estate taxes, consider how your heirs will pay the bill.

      Transferring Wealth

      Sole ownership, joint tenancy, tenancy in common, and community property have special benefits for property owners.

      Personal Finance

      Some of the pros and cons of whole life insurance.

      Tax Planning

      With traditional IRAs and most employer-sponsored retirement plans, taxes are not payable until funds are withdrawn.

      Personal Finance

      When selecting a life insurance policy, examine all your options, as well as the positives and negatives of each type.

      Investment Planning

      A bond ladder is a strategy involving the purchase of bonds that have staggered maturity dates.

      Retirement Planning

      There are key dates after you turn 59½ that can impact your taxes, Medicare eligibility, and retirement benefits.

      Personal Finance

      Consider a universal life insurance policy if you want the flexibility to change your premium or death benefit.

      Personal Finance

      Medicare is the federal health insurance program for those persons age 65 and over. But what does it cover?

      Personal Finance

      Variable life insurance gives you the control to allocate your account value among a variety of investment options.

      Personal Finance

      Shifting some debt to a home equity loan, which typically allows interest payments to be tax deductible, could have its advantages.

      Retirement Planning

      With the changing pension landscape, it is important to take charge of your own retirement security.

      Personal Finance

      There are techniques that can enable older homeowners to use their property to finance their lifestyle.

      Retirement Planning

      If you do not participate in an employer-sponsored retirement plan, you might consider a traditional IRA.

      Transferring Wealth

      A living trust can help control the distribution of your estate upon death.

      Investment Planning

      Understanding different types of investment risk can help investors manage their money more effectively.

      Transferring Wealth

      Wills and trusts allow you to spell out how you would like your property distributed, but they also go beyond that.

      Retirement Planning

      Employer-sponsored retirement plans are more important than ever, but managing the assets can be confusing.

      Retirement Planning

      When receiving money accumulated in your employer-sponsored retirement plan, you have two options: lump sum or annuity.

      Investment Planning

      It is important to understand how dividends (taxable payments to shareholders) fit with your long-term goals.

      Personal Finance

      A business owner policy is an insurance package that assembles the basic coverages required by a business owner in one bundle.

      Tax Planning

      While stable, CDs can create an income tax bill. Fixed annuities and municipal bonds can offer tax advantages.

      Personal Finance

      Historically, one of the best ways to fight the effects of inflation has been to utilize growth-oriented investments.

      Personal Finance

      If you were to suffer an illness or disability that required long-term nursing care, would you be covered?

      Tax Planning

      Want to keep more of your mutual fund profits? You may be interested in strategies to help lower your tax liability.

      Personal Finance

      A sound cash management program uses a disciplined approach: accounting, analysis, allocation, and adjustment.

      Retirement Planning

      A money purchase plan is a retirement plan where employer contributions are based on a fixed percentage of compensation.

      Personal Finance

      Short-term cash management instruments can help you establish a sound cash management program.

      Transferring Wealth

      Careful estate planning is still one of the most important ways to manage and protect your assets for your heirs.

      Tax Planning

      Changes to the tax code have left a few key deductions for itemizers, like medical, dental and some business expenses.

      Tax Planning

      For the grantor, there are a few potential tax benefits that can come with setting up a charitable trust.

      Investment Planning

      A bond is simply evidence of a debt from a government entity or a corporation and represents a long-term IOU.

      Personal Finance

      If you have a family who relies on your income, it is important to have life insurance protection.

      Personal Finance

      Split-dollar life insurance is an arrangement to purchase and fund life insurance between two parties.

      Transferring Wealth

      The probate process can be lengthy and complex. There are strategies you can use to help avoid the probate process.

      Retirement Planning

      An indexed annuity may provide some upside potential and downside protection.

      Personal Finance

      Before making investment decisions, it is helpful to determine the real rate of return on the investment.

      Retirement Planning

      Greater demand is being placed on the Social Security system as the baby boom generation has begun to retire.

      Personal Finance

      It's important to understand the options, such as financial aid grant programs, when having to pay for college.

      Retirement Planning

      Profit-sharing plans give employees a share in the profits of a company and can help to fund their retirements.

      Personal Finance

      An annuity is a contract between you and an insurance company to pay you future income in exchange for premiums you pay.

      Retirement Planning

      If you leave a job or retire, you should consider your options regarding your employer retirement plan assets.

      Retirement Planning

      A 403(b) plan is a tax-deferred retirement savings plan that can only be offered by a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt entity.

      Retirement Planning

      If you start saving for retirement sooner, the more money you are likely to accumulate and possibly retire sooner.

      Retirement Planning

      Qualified Roth IRA distributions in retirement are free of federal income tax and aren’t included in gross income.

      Retirement Planning

      The SIMPLE plan may appeal to small business owners as it is easy to set up, administer, and allows for a tax deduction.

      Investment Planning

      Dollar-cost averaging involves investing a set amount of money on a regular basis, regardless of market conditions.

      Investment Planning

      The difference between purchasing an individual stock versus shares in a mutual fund to potentially earn dividends.

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